Each unique movement yields a corresponding pattern of modulated radio waves that the device can decode. When someone moves, they modulate the signal and reflect it back to the device’s sensor. It starts with a wall-mounted device that emits very low-power radio waves. The researchers adapted their sensing method from a wireless technology they’d previously used to monitor people’s sleeping positions. Finally, the system alerts the patient or their health care provider when it detects an error in the patient’s self-administration. Next, artificial intelligence scours the reflected signals for signs of a patient self-administering an inhaler or insulin pen. First, a sensor tracks a patient’s movements within a 10-meter radius, using radio waves that reflect off their body. Their system can be broken down into three broad steps.
Patients might not even realize when they make a mistake - so Zhao’s team designed an automated system that can. “All those little steps are necessary to properly deliver the drug to its active site.” Each step also presents opportunity for errors, especially when there’s no pharmacist present to offer corrective tips. And after injection, you have to hold for 10 seconds,” says Zhao. “For example, insulin pens require priming to make sure there are no air bubbles inside. Some common drugs entail intricate delivery mechanisms. Other co-authors include Hao Wang, a former CSAIL postdoc and current faculty member at Rutgers University, and Aniruddh Raghu, a CSAIL PhD student. The study’s lead authors are Mingmin Zhao, a PhD student in MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), and Kreshnik Hoti, a former visiting scientist at MIT and current faculty member at the University of Prishtina in Kosovo. The research appears today in the journal Nature Medicine. The researchers say the system, which can be installed in a home, could alert patients and caregivers to medication errors and potentially reduce unnecessary hospital visits. “Some past work reports that up to 70% of patients do not take their insulin as prescribed, and many patients do not use inhalers properly,” says Dina Katabi, the Andrew and Erna Viteri Professor at MIT, whose research group has developed the new solution. The new technology pairs wireless sensing with artificial intelligence to determine when a patient is using an insulin pen or inhaler, and flags potential errors in the patient’s administration method. MIT researchers have developed a system to reduce those numbers for some types of medications. Improper adherence to doctors’ orders is commonplace, accounting for thousands of deaths and billions of dollars in medical costs annually. Steam reviews are your friend.From swallowing pills to injecting insulin, patients frequently administer their own medication.
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